In order to prevent an ARP request from being submitted prior to the sending of each data packet, every computer in the network performs a local table, called the ARP cache. The ARP request is received by all computers in the LAN.
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This request contains the following information:Ī computer with the MAC address xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx and the IP address would like to get in contact with a computer with the IP address and requires the appropriate MAC address. This uses the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), a network protocol that operates according to the request response scheme.Īfter searching for the appropriate MAC address, Computer A sends a broadcast request (or ARP request) to all devices on the network. If Computer A wants to contact Computer B within the same network, it must first determine the appropriate MAC address for its IP address. In networks based on IPv4 the address resolution via ARP is unavoidable. But in practice, this doesn’t work because IPv4 addresses are too short to completely map the MAC address. Theoretically, these hardware addresses would be suitable for global addressing. MAC addresses are assigned by their respective hardware manufacturers and are unique worldwide. These MAC addresses (Media Access Control) are unique 48-bit numbers, and make it possible to identify each device in the LAN via its network card.Įxample of a MAC address: 00-80-41-ae-fd-7e Instead, they use physical hardware addresses for addressing in local IPv4 networks. Unlike devices on the internet, devices in the LAN don’t communicate directly via IP addresses.